March is recognized as Colon Cancer Awareness Month in Turkey, as it is all over the world. During this period, raising public awareness and encouraging regular screenings are of vital importance.
What Is Colon Cancer and the Importance of Early Diagnosis
Colon cancer, colorectal cancer, is among the most common types of cancer both in the world and in Turkey. However, there is an important fact: When diagnosed at an early stage and appropriate treatment methods are applied, it is a treatable disease in most cases. Therefore, early diagnosis and regular screening tests are of vital importance in colon cancer.
What Are the Symptoms of Colon Cancer?
When one or more of these symptoms are seen, it is important to consult a doctor without delay:
- Changes in bowel habits, long-lasting constipation or diarrhea
- Blood in the stool
- A feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
- Abdominal pain or cramps
- Unexplained weight loss
- Anemia
- Weakness and fatigue
What Are the Risk Factors for Colon Cancer?
The main risk factors are as follows:
- Family history of colon cancer
- Personal history of colon polyps
- Advanced age, especially 50 years and older
- Inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease
- Presence of type 2 diabetes
- Obesity
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Excessive consumption of red meat and processed meat
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
What Can Be Done to Reduce the Risk?
Some healthy lifestyle habits may help reduce the risk:
- Eating a healthy and balanced diet
- Consuming foods rich in fiber
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Staying away from smoking and alcohol
What Are the Colon Cancer Screening Tests?
Colonoscopy: It allows the intestines to be examined in detail by being performed at certain intervals for individuals aged 50 and over.
Fecal Occult Blood Test: It is recommended to be performed once every 2 years.
The greatest risk in colon cancer is postponing screening. Therefore, it is recommended that especially individuals aged 50 and over have colonoscopy at certain intervals and have a fecal occult blood test every two years. Thanks to colonoscopy, precancerous polyps can be detected and removed, and the disease can be prevented before it develops. Therefore, especially if you are in the risk group, do not neglect your screening tests and encourage your loved ones to have screening as well. Early diagnosis is a great opportunity to protect your health.
